A few recent posts by others on aerial geology prompted me to gather them for future reference. Please add any I've missed to the comments!

Large collections

Both of these pages features lots of pictures from all over the United States, plus a few from other parts of the world. I was a bit surprised not to find collections of geological pictures taken from helicopters or hot air balloons. 

•  John Louie's Aerial Geology with lots of images taken from commercial aircraft (like the one shown at right, of the Clayton Valley dunes in Nevada; from John's site).
• Geology by Lightplane by flying geologist Louis Maher and photographer Charles Mansfield has dozens of pictures taken from a Cessna mostly during the late 1950's and early 1960's. Doc Searl's blog post (below) is about this wonderful collection.

Blog posts

• Geology by plane on Doc Searls Weblog by Doc Searls (@dsearls)
• Aerial pictures on Got The Time by Aaron Barth
• Sight-seeing, airplane style on Liberty, Equality, and Geology by Helena Heliotrope (@helenasrox)
• Flying geologists and Flying with the geologists, a pair of posts on Scientific Explorations and Adventures by Paul Doherty. (If you're involved in science education, you should really check out this blog!)
• Dunedin geology from the air, from the Otago Rock and Mineral Club, Dunedin, New Zealand
• Airliner Chronicles, a series on Geotripper by Garry Hayes (@geotripper)

Publications

• Renick, B (1925), Airplanes for geologic explorations in inaccessible regions, AAPG Bulletin 9, doi: 10.1306/3D9326E2-16B1-11D7-8645000102C1865D
• Wade, A (1933), Modern developments in geological exploration, Parts 1 and 2, 1st World Petroleum Congress, London UK, July 1933. 
• Ray, R, and Fisher, W (1958), Geology from the air, Science 126 (3227), doi 10.1126/science.126.3277.725 (shown very small at right)
• Fillizola, C, et al (2002), Aerial remote sensing hyperspectral techniques for rocky outcrops mapping, Annals of Geophysics 45 (2), 233–245. Never mind just looking at rocks, you can even tell what they are! Maybe.
• Various books by Michael Collier, featuring volumes on mountains, rivers, and the San Andreas fault.